This has led to increased scientific exploration of its potential uses, although its important to note that it is not currently approved as a prescription medication or cure for any condition
Hayyan M, Hashim MA, Alnashef IM
Using this serum vitamin B 12 cut-off alone, the prevalence of vitamin B 12 deficiency is estimated to be in the range of 5% to 15%.3 4 5 6 However, when higher serum vitamin B 12 cut-off at 258 pmol/L (350 pg/mL) or using elevated serum homocysteine or MMA level in addition to a low or low-to-normal serum vitamin B 12 level to diagnose vitamin B 12 deficiency, the prevalence of deficiency increases to 40.5%.1 3 Also, the prevalence of vitamin B 12 deficiency appears to increase with age among the elderly population.4 5 Furthermore, reports have indicated that institutionalised elderly with multiple co-morbidities and with increasing dependency are more prone to vitamin B 12 deficiency than non-institutionalised (free-living) elderly
Despite the warning label, individuals continue to use them and the individual does not know what they are getting all the time. There is some research on the following peptide injections: Body Protection Compound-157 (BPC-157) Initial and pre-clinical-trial research suggest BPC-157 may promote musculoskeletal healing, which could explain its popularity among athletes (although it is banned in professional sports)
Methylmalonic acid is a sensitive biomarker used to diagnose vitamin B12 deficiency, especially in borderline cases
